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Book 1: The Quarrel of Achilles and Agamemnon

Ἰλιάς · Book 1 · Classix 2026 Lyric-Poetic Edition

Book 1: The Quarrel of Achilles and Agamemnon — Achilles · Son of Peleus
Achilles · Son of PeleusBook 1
Paragraph 1#

Sing, goddess, of the rage of Peleus’ son Achilles— the black-blooded fever that broke the Greek camp open, sent so many brave warriors’ souls down to Hades before their time, and left their bodies for the stray dogs and every circling bird. That was how Zeus’s design came down, from the hour those two first split the camp in half: Agamemnon, son of Atreus, high commander of the army, and brilliant Achilles.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.1–Iliad.1.7)
1μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος
2οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρίʼ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγεʼ ἔθηκε,
3πολλὰς δʼ ἰφθίμους ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν
4ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἑλώρια τεῦχε κύνεσσιν
5οἰωνοῖσί τε πᾶσι, Διὸς δʼ ἐτελείετο βουλή,
6ἐξ οὗ δὴ τὰ πρῶτα διαστήτην ἐρίσαντε
7Ἀτρεΐδης τε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν καὶ δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς.
Paragraph 2#

Which god struck the spark that set those two against each other? The son of Leto and Zeus: Apollo. Anger at the king made him drive a vicious sickness through the ranks. The men were dying. Atreus’ son had insulted Chryses, Apollo’s priest. Chryses had reached the Greeks’ fast ships carrying a fortune to ransom his daughter. In his hands, Apollo’s sacred ribbons hung from a staff of gold—the sign of the god whose arrows reach across the distance. He begged the whole Greek army, and most of all the two sons of Atreus, the commanders who drew those men into their ranks.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.8–Iliad.1.16)
8τίς τʼ ἄρ σφωε θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι;
9Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱός· ὃ γὰρ βασιλῆϊ χολωθεὶς
10νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὄρσε κακήν, ὀλέκοντο δὲ λαοί,
11οὕνεκα τὸν Χρύσην ἠτίμασεν ἀρητῆρα
12Ἀτρεΐδης· ὃ γὰρ ἦλθε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν
13λυσόμενός τε θύγατρα φέρων τʼ ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα,
14στέμματʼ ἔχων ἐν χερσὶν ἑκηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος
15χρυσέῳ ἀνὰ σκήπτρῳ, καὶ λίσσετο πάντας Ἀχαιούς,
16Ἀτρεΐδα δὲ μάλιστα δύω, κοσμήτορε λαῶν·
Paragraph 3#

“Sons of Atreus, and you other Greeks strapped into your bronze armor: may the gods whose homes stand on Olympus let you tear through Priam’s city and reach your homes alive and well. Take what I’ve brought to buy her freedom. Release my child, the daughter I love. Honor Zeus’s son, Apollo, whose arrows strike from far away.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.17–Iliad.1.21)
17Ἀτρεΐδαι τε καὶ ἄλλοι ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοί,
18ὑμῖν μὲν θεοὶ δοῖεν Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχοντες
19ἐκπέρσαι Πριάμοιο πόλιν, εὖ δʼ οἴκαδʼ ἱκέσθαι·
20παῖδα δʼ ἐμοὶ λύσαιτε φίλην, τὰ δʼ ἄποινα δέχεσθαι,
21ἁζόμενοι Διὸς υἱὸν ἑκηβόλον Ἀπόλλωνα.
Paragraph 4#

Every other Greek called out in favor: the priest deserved respect; they should take the glittering wealth he offered. But Atreus’ son Agamemnon rejected the plea. He spat abuse at the priest and sent him off, his order hard with threat:

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.22–Iliad.1.25)
22ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἐπευφήμησαν Ἀχαιοὶ
23αἰδεῖσθαί θʼ ἱερῆα καὶ ἀγλαὰ δέχθαι ἄποινα·
24ἀλλʼ οὐκ Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι ἥνδανε θυμῷ,
25ἀλλὰ κακῶς ἀφίει, κρατερὸν δʼ ἐπὶ μῦθον ἔτελλε·
Paragraph 5#

“Old man. I’d better not find you by these hollow hulls— not hanging around today, not turning up another time. Your staff, your god’s ribbons: they might not save your skin. You’re not getting her back from me. Old age will find her in my house in Argos, a long way from the land she calls her own, moving up and down the loom, sharing my bed. Get out. Don’t push me. Leave while you can still get home safe.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.26–Iliad.1.32)
26μή σε γέρον κοίλῃσιν ἐγὼ παρὰ νηυσὶ κιχείω
27ἢ νῦν δηθύνοντʼ ἢ ὕστερον αὖτις ἰόντα,
28μή νύ τοι οὐ χραίσμῃ σκῆπτρον καὶ στέμμα θεοῖο·
29τὴν δʼ ἐγὼ οὐ λύσω· πρίν μιν καὶ γῆρας ἔπεισιν
30ἡμετέρῳ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ ἐν Ἄργεϊ τηλόθι πάτρης
31ἱστὸν ἐποιχομένην καὶ ἐμὸν λέχος ἀντιόωσαν·
32ἀλλʼ ἴθι μή μʼ ἐρέθιζε σαώτερος ὥς κε νέηαι.
Paragraph 6#

The old man heard him, shook with fear, obeyed. He took the shoreline without a word; the sea kept crashing beside him. Only when he had walked far away did he pour out his prayers to Apollo, his lord, the son Leto bore, Leto with her beautiful hair:

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.33–Iliad.1.36)
33ὣς ἔφατʼ, ἔδεισεν δʼ ὃ γέρων καὶ ἐπείθετο μύθῳ·
34βῆ δʼ ἀκέων παρὰ θῖνα πολυφλοίσβοιο θαλάσσης·
35πολλὰ δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀπάνευθε κιὼν ἠρᾶθʼ ὁ γεραιὸς
36Ἀπόλλωνι ἄνακτι, τὸν ἠΰκομος τέκε Λητώ·
Paragraph 7#

“Listen to me, silver-bow god, protector of Chryse and deeply sacred Cilla, mighty ruler of Tenedos. Smintheus— if I ever laid a roof on a temple you loved, if I ever burned you thighbones wrapped in fat, cut from bulls and goats, bring this one wish to pass: Let your arrows collect from the Greeks what they owe for these tears.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.37–Iliad.1.42)
37κλῦθί μευ ἀργυρότοξʼ, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέβηκας
38Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην Τενέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,
39Σμινθεῦ εἴ ποτέ τοι χαρίεντʼ ἐπὶ νηὸν ἔρεψα,
40ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κατὰ πίονα μηρίʼ ἔκηα
41ταύρων ἠδʼ αἰγῶν, τὸ δέ μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ·
42τίσειαν Δαναοὶ ἐμὰ δάκρυα σοῖσι βέλεσσιν.
Paragraph 8#

That was the old man’s prayer. And Phoebus Apollo heard him. He came down off the peaks of Olympus with murder in his chest, the silver bow slung across his shoulders, the quiver covered tight. Every angry step he took, the arrows rattled on his back. He came down like nightfall. He sat apart from the hulls and let one arrow go. The silver bow sang out—a cold, lethal ring. First the pack-mules. Then the fast camp-dogs. Then he turned the sharp point on the men themselves and kept on firing. The dead-fires crowded together, burning without going out.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.43–Iliad.1.52)
43ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος, τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων,
44βῆ δὲ κατʼ Οὐλύμποιο καρήνων χωόμενος κῆρ,
45τόξʼ ὤμοισιν ἔχων ἀμφηρεφέα τε φαρέτρην·
46ἔκλαγξαν δʼ ἄρʼ ὀϊστοὶ ἐπʼ ὤμων χωομένοιο,
47αὐτοῦ κινηθέντος· ὃ δʼ ἤϊε νυκτὶ ἐοικώς.
48ἕζετʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀπάνευθε νεῶν, μετὰ δʼ ἰὸν ἕηκε·
49δεινὴ δὲ κλαγγὴ γένετʼ ἀργυρέοιο βιοῖο·
50οὐρῆας μὲν πρῶτον ἐπῴχετο καὶ κύνας ἀργούς,
51αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ αὐτοῖσι βέλος ἐχεπευκὲς ἐφιεὶς
52βάλλʼ· αἰεὶ δὲ πυραὶ νεκύων καίοντο θαμειαί.
Paragraph 9#

Nine days. The god’s arrows kept cutting through the army. On day ten, Achilles summoned the men to an assembly. Hera, her arms white, had planted that thought in him: she cared about the Greeks, and watched them die. Once the men had come together, Achilles, with his speed on foot, rose in their midst and spoke:

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.53–Iliad.1.58)
53ἐννῆμαρ μὲν ἀνὰ στρατὸν ᾤχετο κῆλα θεοῖο,
54τῇ δεκάτῃ δʼ ἀγορὴν δὲ καλέσσατο λαὸν Ἀχιλλεύς·
55τῷ γὰρ ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη·
56κήδετο γὰρ Δαναῶν, ὅτι ῥα θνήσκοντας ὁρᾶτο.
57οἳ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν ἤγερθεν ὁμηγερέες τε γένοντο,
58τοῖσι δʼ ἀνιστάμενος μετέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
Paragraph 10#

“Son of Atreus, I think we’ll have to turn around, beaten back, and take the road for home— those of us who manage to stay alive— if war and sickness together are going to break the Greeks. Let’s get someone to tell us what this means: a prophet, a priest, someone who reads dreams. A dream can come from Zeus too. Someone must know what made Phoebus Apollo burn this fiercely against us. Is it a prayer we owe him? An offering of a hundred animals? Would he taste the smoke of burning fat from lambs and full-grown goats and lift this killing from us?”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.59–Iliad.1.67)
59Ἀτρεΐδη νῦν ἄμμε παλιμπλαγχθέντας ὀΐω
60ἂψ ἀπονοστήσειν, εἴ κεν θάνατόν γε φύγοιμεν,
61εἰ δὴ ὁμοῦ πόλεμός τε δαμᾷ καὶ λοιμὸς Ἀχαιούς·
62ἀλλʼ ἄγε δή τινα μάντιν ἐρείομεν ἢ ἱερῆα
63ἢ καὶ ὀνειροπόλον, καὶ γάρ τʼ ὄναρ ἐκ Διός ἐστιν,
64ὅς κʼ εἴποι ὅ τι τόσσον ἐχώσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων,
65εἴτʼ ἄρʼ ὅ γʼ εὐχωλῆς ἐπιμέμφεται ἠδʼ ἑκατόμβης,
66αἴ κέν πως ἀρνῶν κνίσης αἰγῶν τε τελείων
67βούλεται ἀντιάσας ἡμῖν ἀπὸ λοιγὸν ἀμῦναι.
Paragraph 11#

Achilles ended there and took his seat. Thestor’s son Calchas stood up, the finest reader of the flight of birds. He knew the present, knew what waited ahead, knew what had already passed. The power to see, a gift from Phoebus Apollo, had brought the Greek ships under his guidance to Troy. Now he addressed the gathering, with their good at heart:

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.68–Iliad.1.73)
68ἤτοι ὅ γʼ ὣς εἰπὼν κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο· τοῖσι δʼ ἀνέστη
69Κάλχας Θεστορίδης οἰωνοπόλων ὄχʼ ἄριστος,
70ὃς ᾔδη τά τʼ ἐόντα τά τʼ ἐσσόμενα πρό τʼ ἐόντα,
71καὶ νήεσσʼ ἡγήσατʼ Ἀχαιῶν Ἴλιον εἴσω
72ἣν διὰ μαντοσύνην, τήν οἱ πόρε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων·
73ὅ σφιν ἐὺ φρονέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπεν·
Paragraph 12#

“Achilles, Zeus holds you dear. You want me to explain the fury of our lord Apollo, the god who strikes from far away. I’ll speak. But hear my terms and swear: you’ll freely come to my defense, with what you say and what your hands can do. Because I think the man I’ll anger holds immense power over every Greek. The army does what he commands. When a king turns on a man below him, the king has the strength to make him pay. He may choke his anger down today. He’ll still keep it banked inside his chest until he gets his revenge. Consider that. Will you protect me?”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.74–Iliad.1.83)
74ὦ Ἀχιλεῦ κέλεαί με Διῒ φίλε μυθήσασθαι
75μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος ἑκατηβελέταο ἄνακτος·
76τοὶ γὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω· σὺ δὲ σύνθεο καί μοι ὄμοσσον
77ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν·
78ἦ γὰρ ὀΐομαι ἄνδρα χολωσέμεν, ὃς μέγα πάντων
79Ἀργείων κρατέει καί οἱ πείθονται Ἀχαιοί·
80κρείσσων γὰρ βασιλεὺς ὅτε χώσεται ἀνδρὶ χέρηϊ·
81εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον γε καὶ αὐτῆμαρ καταπέψῃ,
82ἀλλά τε καὶ μετόπισθεν ἔχει κότον, ὄφρα τελέσσῃ,
83ἐν στήθεσσιν ἑοῖσι· σὺ δὲ φράσαι εἴ με σαώσεις.
Paragraph 13#

Achilles, so quick on his feet, replied: “Speak without fear. Give us the whole message you know from the god. By Apollo, whom Zeus loves— the god you pray to, Calchas, whose answers you make known to the Greeks— while I still breathe and look upon this earth, no one beside these hollow ships will bring his hands down hard on you. No one in the entire Greek army. You can name Agamemnon himself, who boasts that he stands far above all the other Greeks.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.84–Iliad.1.91)
84τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
85θαρσήσας μάλα εἰπὲ θεοπρόπιον ὅ τι οἶσθα·
86οὐ μὰ γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνα Διῒ φίλον, ᾧ τε σὺ Κάλχαν
87εὐχόμενος Δαναοῖσι θεοπροπίας ἀναφαίνεις,
88οὔ τις ἐμεῦ ζῶντος καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ δερκομένοιο
89σοὶ κοίλῃς παρὰ νηυσί βαρείας χεῖρας ἐποίσει
90συμπάντων Δαναῶν, οὐδʼ ἢν Ἀγαμέμνονα εἴπῃς,
91ὃς νῦν πολλὸν ἄριστος Ἀχαιῶν εὔχεται εἶναι.
Paragraph 14#

The seer, a man beyond reproach, found his nerve: “He isn’t charging us with a broken vow or a missing sacrifice of a hundred animals. This comes from what Agamemnon did to his priest: he disgraced him, kept his daughter, turned the ransom down. That is why the far-shooting god has made us hurt. He has more hurt ready. He won’t clear this hideous death out of the Greek camp until we put the girl with the lovely eyes back in her father’s arms— no purchase price, no ransom— and take a sacred offering of a hundred animals to Chryse. Then perhaps we can appease him, perhaps get him to listen.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.92–Iliad.1.100)
92καὶ τότε δὴ θάρσησε καὶ ηὔδα μάντις ἀμύμων·
93οὔ τʼ ἄρ ὅ γʼ εὐχωλῆς ἐπιμέμφεται οὐδʼ ἑκατόμβης,
94ἀλλʼ ἕνεκʼ ἀρητῆρος ὃν ἠτίμησʼ Ἀγαμέμνων,
95οὐδʼ ἀπέλυσε θύγατρα καὶ οὐκ ἀπεδέξατʼ ἄποινα,
96τοὔνεκʼ ἄρʼ ἄλγεʼ ἔδωκεν ἑκηβόλος ἠδʼ ἔτι δώσει·
97οὐδʼ ὅ γε πρὶν Δαναοῖσιν ἀεικέα λοιγὸν ἀπώσει
98πρίν γʼ ἀπὸ πατρὶ φίλῳ δόμεναι ἑλικώπιδα κούρην
99ἀπριάτην ἀνάποινον, ἄγειν θʼ ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην
100ἐς Χρύσην· τότε κέν μιν ἱλασσάμενοι πεπίθοιμεν.
Paragraph 15#

He finished speaking and sat down. The warrior Agamemnon, son of Atreus, whose rule reached far, rose among them, racked with grief. Fury flooded his dark heart. His eyes burned like blazing fire. He fixed Calchas with a vicious glare and spoke to him first:

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.101–Iliad.1.105)
101ἤτοι ὅ γʼ ὣς εἰπὼν κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο· τοῖσι δʼ ἀνέστη
102ἥρως Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων
103ἀχνύμενος· μένεος δὲ μέγα φρένες ἀμφιμέλαιναι
104πίμπλαντʼ, ὄσσε δέ οἱ πυρὶ λαμπετόωντι ἐΐκτην·
105Κάλχαντα πρώτιστα κάκʼ ὀσσόμενος προσέειπε·
Paragraph 16#

“You prophet of bad news. When have you ever given me a welcome answer? Your mind keeps reaching for disaster. You’ve never said a good thing to me, never brought one about. And here you are, announcing heaven’s verdict to the Greeks: the archer who strikes from far away is making them suffer because I wouldn’t take that glittering ransom for Chryseis. Yes. I wanted her under my own roof. I prefer her even to Clytemnestra, the woman I married. She’s her equal in beauty and build, in intelligence, in everything she can do. Even so, if returning her is better, I’ll return her. I’d sooner keep the army breathing than watch it die. But find me a replacement prize. Now. Am I supposed to be the only Greek with nothing to mark his honor? That won’t do. You’ve all got eyes. You can see my prize being taken away.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.106–Iliad.1.120)
106μάντι κακῶν οὐ πώ ποτέ μοι τὸ κρήγυον εἶπας·
107αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκʼ ἐστὶ φίλα φρεσὶ μαντεύεσθαι,
108ἐσθλὸν δʼ οὔτέ τί πω εἶπας ἔπος οὔτʼ ἐτέλεσσας·
109καὶ νῦν ἐν Δαναοῖσι θεοπροπέων ἀγορεύεις
110ὡς δὴ τοῦδʼ ἕνεκά σφιν ἑκηβόλος ἄλγεα τεύχει,
111οὕνεκʼ ἐγὼ κούρης Χρυσηΐδος ἀγλάʼ ἄποινα
112οὐκ ἔθελον δέξασθαι, ἐπεὶ πολὺ βούλομαι αὐτὴν
113οἴκοι ἔχειν· καὶ γάρ ῥα Κλυταιμνήστρης προβέβουλα
114κουριδίης ἀλόχου, ἐπεὶ οὔ ἑθέν ἐστι χερείων,
115οὐ δέμας οὐδὲ φυήν, οὔτʼ ἂρ φρένας οὔτέ τι ἔργα.
116ἀλλὰ καὶ ὧς ἐθέλω δόμεναι πάλιν εἰ τό γʼ ἄμεινον·
117βούλομʼ ἐγὼ λαὸν σῶν ἔμμεναι ἢ ἀπολέσθαι·
118αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ γέρας αὐτίχʼ ἑτοιμάσατʼ ὄφρα μὴ οἶος
119Ἀργείων ἀγέραστος ἔω, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ ἔοικε·
120λεύσσετε γὰρ τό γε πάντες ὅ μοι γέρας ἔρχεται ἄλλῃ.
Paragraph 17#

Achilles, the great runner, answered: “Son of Atreus, first in glory, first in grabbing more than anyone— how can the brave Greeks give you a prize? We know of no great stockpile held in common. What we stripped from the towns is shared out already. We can’t go back and take it from the men. Give the girl back now, for the god. We Greeks will pay you back three times over, four times over, if Zeus ever lets us break through Troy’s strong walls and strip the city bare.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.121–Iliad.1.129)
121τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς·
122Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε φιλοκτεανώτατε πάντων,
123πῶς γάρ τοι δώσουσι γέρας μεγάθυμοι Ἀχαιοί;
124οὐδέ τί που ἴδμεν ξυνήϊα κείμενα πολλά·
125ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν πολίων ἐξεπράθομεν, τὰ δέδασται,
126λαοὺς δʼ οὐκ ἐπέοικε παλίλλογα ταῦτʼ ἐπαγείρειν.
127ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν τήνδε θεῷ πρόες· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ
128τριπλῇ τετραπλῇ τʼ ἀποτείσομεν, αἴ κέ ποθι Ζεὺς
129δῷσι πόλιν Τροίην εὐτείχεον ἐξαλαπάξαι.
Paragraph 18#

Agamemnon, the ruler, answered: “Brave as you are, magnificent Achilles, don’t try to cheat me with clever words. You won’t slip past me. You won’t talk me round. You want to keep your prize while I sit here with nothing? And you tell me to give her back? If the brave Greeks give me a prize that suits me, worth as much as what I lose—fine. If they don’t, I’ll come and take one myself: yours, or Ajax’s, or Odysseus’s. I’ll take the woman and lead her away. Whoever I come to will burn with anger. We’ll consider that again later. Now let’s drag a black ship into the shining sea, gather a crew of rowers fit for the work, load a great offering of sacrificial animals, and bring Chryseis herself aboard, the girl with the lovely cheeks. Let one of our council leaders command: Ajax, Idomeneus, splendid Odysseus, or you, son of Peleus, most fearsome of all men. Offer the sacrifice for us. Appease the god who strikes from far away.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.130–Iliad.1.147)
130τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων·
131μὴ δʼ οὕτως ἀγαθός περ ἐὼν θεοείκελʼ Ἀχιλλεῦ
132κλέπτε νόῳ, ἐπεὶ οὐ παρελεύσεαι οὐδέ με πείσεις.
133ἦ ἐθέλεις ὄφρʼ αὐτὸς ἔχῃς γέρας, αὐτὰρ ἔμʼ αὔτως
134ἧσθαι δευόμενον, κέλεαι δέ με τήνδʼ ἀποδοῦναι;
135ἀλλʼ εἰ μὲν δώσουσι γέρας μεγάθυμοι Ἀχαιοὶ
136ἄρσαντες κατὰ θυμὸν ὅπως ἀντάξιον ἔσται·
137εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι
138ἢ τεὸν ἢ Αἴαντος ἰὼν γέρας, ἢ Ὀδυσῆος
139ἄξω ἑλών· ὃ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι.
140ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα μεταφρασόμεσθα καὶ αὖτις,
141νῦν δʼ ἄγε νῆα μέλαιναν ἐρύσσομεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν,
142ἐν δʼ ἐρέτας ἐπιτηδὲς ἀγείρομεν, ἐς δʼ ἑκατόμβην
143θείομεν, ἂν δʼ αὐτὴν Χρυσηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον
144βήσομεν· εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνὴρ βουληφόρος ἔστω,
145ἢ Αἴας ἢ Ἰδομενεὺς ἢ δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς
146ἠὲ σὺ Πηλεΐδη πάντων ἐκπαγλότατʼ ἀνδρῶν,
147ὄφρʼ ἥμιν ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι ἱερὰ ῥέξας.
Paragraph 19#

Achilles, so fast on his feet, glared from under his brows and said: “You wear your shamelessness like clothes. Your mind counts nothing but profit. How could any Greek willingly obey you— set out on a mission, or fight other men with all his strength? I didn’t come here to fight because of the Trojan spearmen. They’ve done nothing to me. They never drove away my cattle or my horses, never wrecked a harvest in Phthia, where the rich soil feeds its people. Too much lies between us: mountains thick with shadow, and the roaring sea. We followed you to please you, you shameless brute, to wrest honor from the Trojans for Menelaus and for you. You have no shame. You give that no thought. You don’t care. Now you threaten to take my prize yourself— the one I worked so hard for, the one the Greeks gave me. Whenever we sack a thriving Trojan town, my share never matches yours. My hands do most of the work in the battering crush of war. But when the plunder’s divided, your prize is far bigger. I go back to my ships with something small, something I treasure, when the fighting has worn me out. Now I’m going to Phthia. Far better to sail home in my curved ships. I won’t stay here, stripped of honor, piling up wealth and riches for you.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.148–Iliad.1.171)
148τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
149ὤ μοι ἀναιδείην ἐπιειμένε κερδαλεόφρον
150πῶς τίς τοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν πείθηται Ἀχαιῶν
151ἢ ὁδὸν ἐλθέμεναι ἢ ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μάχεσθαι;
152οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ Τρώων ἕνεκʼ ἤλυθον αἰχμητάων
153δεῦρο μαχησόμενος, ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν·
154οὐ γὰρ πώποτʼ ἐμὰς βοῦς ἤλασαν οὐδὲ μὲν ἵππους,
155οὐδέ ποτʼ ἐν Φθίῃ ἐριβώλακι βωτιανείρῃ
156καρπὸν ἐδηλήσαντʼ, ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα πολλὰ μεταξὺ
157οὔρεά τε σκιόεντα θάλασσά τε ἠχήεσσα·
158ἀλλὰ σοὶ ὦ μέγʼ ἀναιδὲς ἅμʼ ἑσπόμεθʼ ὄφρα σὺ χαίρῃς,
159τιμὴν ἀρνύμενοι Μενελάῳ σοί τε κυνῶπα
160πρὸς Τρώων· τῶν οὔ τι μετατρέπῃ οὐδʼ ἀλεγίζεις·
161καὶ δή μοι γέρας αὐτὸς ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς,
162ᾧ ἔπι πολλὰ μόγησα, δόσαν δέ μοι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν.
163οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας ὁππότʼ Ἀχαιοὶ
164Τρώων ἐκπέρσωσʼ εὖ ναιόμενον πτολίεθρον·
165ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν πλεῖον πολυάϊκος πολέμοιο
166χεῖρες ἐμαὶ διέπουσʼ· ἀτὰρ ἤν ποτε δασμὸς ἵκηται,
167σοὶ τὸ γέρας πολὺ μεῖζον, ἐγὼ δʼ ὀλίγον τε φίλον τε
168ἔρχομʼ ἔχων ἐπὶ νῆας, ἐπεί κε κάμω πολεμίζων.
169νῦν δʼ εἶμι Φθίην δʼ, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολὺ φέρτερόν ἐστιν
170οἴκαδʼ ἴμεν σὺν νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν, οὐδέ σʼ ὀΐω
171ἐνθάδʼ ἄτιμος ἐὼν ἄφενος καὶ πλοῦτον ἀφύξειν.
Paragraph 20#

Agamemnon, who ruled the men, answered: “Run, then, if that’s what you want. I won’t beg you to stay for my sake. Others stand beside me. They’ll honor me— above all Zeus, whose mind makes the plans. Of all the kings Zeus sustains, you’re the one I hate most. You always love a quarrel, a war, a battle. If you’re so strong, some god gave you that strength. Go home with your ships and your men. Rule the Myrmidons. I don’t care about you. Your anger doesn’t trouble me. But hear this threat. Since Phoebus Apollo is taking Chryseis from me, I’ll send her back in my own ship, with my own men. Then I’ll come to your shelter myself and lead away Briseis with her lovely cheeks— your prize. Then you’ll know exactly how much greater I am than you. And anyone else will flinch from calling himself my equal, from standing face to face and matching himself with me.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.172–Iliad.1.187)
172τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων·
173φεῦγε μάλʼ εἴ τοι θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται, οὐδέ σʼ ἔγωγε
174λίσσομαι εἵνεκʼ ἐμεῖο μένειν· πάρʼ ἔμοιγε καὶ ἄλλοι
175οἵ κέ με τιμήσουσι, μάλιστα δὲ μητίετα Ζεύς.
176ἔχθιστος δέ μοί ἐσσι διοτρεφέων βασιλήων·
177αἰεὶ γάρ τοι ἔρις τε φίλη πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε·
178εἰ μάλα καρτερός ἐσσι, θεός που σοὶ τό γʼ ἔδωκεν·
179οἴκαδʼ ἰὼν σὺν νηυσί τε σῇς καὶ σοῖς ἑτάροισι
180Μυρμιδόνεσσιν ἄνασσε, σέθεν δʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ ἀλεγίζω,
181οὐδʼ ὄθομαι κοτέοντος· ἀπειλήσω δέ τοι ὧδε·
182ὡς ἔμʼ ἀφαιρεῖται Χρυσηΐδα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων,
183τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σὺν νηΐ τʼ ἐμῇ καὶ ἐμοῖς ἑτάροισι
184πέμψω, ἐγὼ δέ κʼ ἄγω Βρισηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον
185αὐτὸς ἰὼν κλισίην δὲ τὸ σὸν γέρας ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς
186ὅσσον φέρτερός εἰμι σέθεν, στυγέῃ δὲ καὶ ἄλλος
187ἶσον ἐμοὶ φάσθαι καὶ ὁμοιωθήμεναι ἄντην.
Paragraph 21#

That was what he said. Pain gripped Peleus’ son. Under the thick hair of his chest, his heart pulled two ways: should he draw the sharp sword at his thigh, scatter the men and kill Atreus’ son, or stop his anger, force himself to hold? He was still turning it over in his mind and heart, already drawing the great blade from its sheath, when Athena came from heaven. Hera, the goddess with white arms, had sent her. She loved both men, cared for both alike. Athena stood behind him, caught Peleus’ son by his golden hair. She showed herself to him alone. No one else could see her. Achilles spun around, stunned. He knew her at once: Pallas Athena. Her eyes blazed with a terrible light.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.188–Iliad.1.200)
188ὣς φάτο· Πηλεΐωνι δʼ ἄχος γένετʼ, ἐν δέ οἱ ἦτορ
189στήθεσσιν λασίοισι διάνδιχα μερμήριξεν,
190ἢ ὅ γε φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ
191τοὺς μὲν ἀναστήσειεν, ὃ δʼ Ἀτρεΐδην ἐναρίζοι,
192ἦε χόλον παύσειεν ἐρητύσειέ τε θυμόν.
193ἧος ὃ ταῦθʼ ὥρμαινε κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν,
194ἕλκετο δʼ ἐκ κολεοῖο μέγα ξίφος, ἦλθε δʼ Ἀθήνη
195οὐρανόθεν· πρὸ γὰρ ἧκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη
196ἄμφω ὁμῶς θυμῷ φιλέουσά τε κηδομένη τε·
197στῆ δʼ ὄπιθεν, ξανθῆς δὲ κόμης ἕλε Πηλεΐωνα
198οἴῳ φαινομένη· τῶν δʼ ἄλλων οὔ τις ὁρᾶτο·
199θάμβησεν δʼ Ἀχιλεύς, μετὰ δʼ ἐτράπετʼ, αὐτίκα δʼ ἔγνω
200Παλλάδʼ Ἀθηναίην· δεινὼ δέ οἱ ὄσσε φάανθεν·
Paragraph 22#

He spoke to her, his words flying: “Why have you come again, daughter of Zeus, who carries the storm shield? To see how Agamemnon, Atreus’ son, throws his weight around? I’ll tell you straight. I think this will happen: that arrogance of his may soon cost him his life.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.201–Iliad.1.205)
201καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
202τίπτʼ αὖτʼ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος εἰλήλουθας;
203ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος Ἀτρεΐδαο;
204ἀλλʼ ἔκ τοι ἐρέω, τὸ δὲ καὶ τελέεσθαι ὀΐω·
205ᾗς ὑπεροπλίῃσι τάχʼ ἄν ποτε θυμὸν ὀλέσσῃ.
Paragraph 23#

Athena, the goddess with bright eyes, answered: “I’ve come from heaven to stop your fury, if you’ll listen. Hera, the goddess with white arms, sent me. She loves you both, cares for you both alike. Come now. End this fight. Don’t draw that sword. Cut him with words instead. Tell him what’s coming. I’ll tell you plainly, and it will come true: one day you’ll have three times as many splendid gifts because he has disgraced you here. Hold yourself back. Listen to us.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.206–Iliad.1.214)
206τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·
207ἦλθον ἐγὼ παύσουσα τὸ σὸν μένος, αἴ κε πίθηαι,
208οὐρανόθεν· πρὸ δέ μʼ ἧκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη
209ἄμφω ὁμῶς θυμῷ φιλέουσά τε κηδομένη τε·
210ἀλλʼ ἄγε λῆγʼ ἔριδος, μηδὲ ξίφος ἕλκεο χειρί·
211ἀλλʼ ἤτοι ἔπεσιν μὲν ὀνείδισον ὡς ἔσεταί περ·
212ὧδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, τὸ δὲ καὶ τετελεσμένον ἔσται·
213καί ποτέ τοι τρὶς τόσσα παρέσσεται ἀγλαὰ δῶρα
214ὕβριος εἵνεκα τῆσδε· σὺ δʼ ἴσχεο, πείθεο δʼ ἡμῖν.
Paragraph 24#

Achilles, fast on his feet, gave her his answer: “Goddess, I must keep the word you two have given me, even with all this fury in my chest. It’s the better choice. When someone listens to the gods, the gods hear him too.” He checked his powerful hand on the silver grip and drove the long blade back inside its sheath. He did as Athena told him. She returned to Olympus, to the house of Zeus, who bears the storm shield, and joined the other gods.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.215–Iliad.1.222)
215τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
216χρὴ μὲν σφωΐτερόν γε θεὰ ἔπος εἰρύσσασθαι
217καὶ μάλα περ θυμῷ κεχολωμένον· ὧς γὰρ ἄμεινον·
218ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται μάλα τʼ ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ.
219ἦ καὶ ἐπʼ ἀργυρέῃ κώπῃ σχέθε χεῖρα βαρεῖαν,
220ἂψ δʼ ἐς κουλεὸν ὦσε μέγα ξίφος, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε
221μύθῳ Ἀθηναίης· ἣ δʼ Οὔλυμπον δὲ βεβήκει
222δώματʼ ἐς αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς μετὰ δαίμονας ἄλλους.
Paragraph 25#

Peleus’ son went at Atreus’ son again, each word a fresh cut. His anger hadn’t cooled. “Wine-soaked. Eyes like a stray dog. Heart of a deer. You’ve never once had the stomach to strap your armor on and stand in the line with the men, or crouch in the dark with the best fighters we have waiting to spring an ambush. To you, that looks like death. No—it’s safer patrolling your own camp, confiscating the prize of any man who talks back to you. A king who eats his own people alive, only because you rule over men who let you do it. Otherwise, son of Atreus, that would have been the last time you ever opened your mouth. Now hear this. I’ll bind it with an oath. I swear by this staff: no leaf, no branch will ever grow from it again. It left its stump up in the mountains; bronze shaved off its bark and leaves. It will never put out another shoot. Now the Greeks who judge our cases hold it in their hands, keeping the laws entrusted to them by Zeus. That gives this oath its weight: every Greek will one day ache for Achilles. Every one of them. And you, however much it hurts you, won’t be able to save them when Hector, that killer of men, sends them crashing down in heaps of dead. You’ll tear yourself raw inside, furious that you treated the best of the Greeks as if he counted for nothing.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.223–Iliad.1.244)
223Πηλεΐδης δʼ ἐξαῦτις ἀταρτηροῖς ἐπέεσσιν
224Ἀτρεΐδην προσέειπε, καὶ οὔ πω λῆγε χόλοιο·
225οἰνοβαρές, κυνὸς ὄμματʼ ἔχων, κραδίην δʼ ἐλάφοιο,
226οὔτέ ποτʼ ἐς πόλεμον ἅμα λαῷ θωρηχθῆναι
227οὔτε λόχον δʼ ἰέναι σὺν ἀριστήεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν
228τέτληκας θυμῷ· τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι.
229ἦ πολὺ λώϊόν ἐστι κατὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν
230δῶρʼ ἀποαιρεῖσθαι ὅς τις σέθεν ἀντίον εἴπῃ·
231δημοβόρος βασιλεὺς ἐπεὶ οὐτιδανοῖσιν ἀνάσσεις·
232ἦ γὰρ ἂν Ἀτρεΐδη νῦν ὕστατα λωβήσαιο.
233ἀλλʼ ἔκ τοι ἐρέω καὶ ἐπὶ μέγαν ὅρκον ὀμοῦμαι·
234ναὶ μὰ τόδε σκῆπτρον, τὸ μὲν οὔ ποτε φύλλα καὶ ὄζους
235φύσει, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν,
236οὐδʼ ἀναθηλήσει· περὶ γάρ ῥά ἑ χαλκὸς ἔλεψε
237φύλλά τε καὶ φλοιόν· νῦν αὖτέ μιν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν
238ἐν παλάμῃς φορέουσι δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας
239πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται· ὃ δέ τοι μέγας ἔσσεται ὅρκος·
240ἦ ποτʼ Ἀχιλλῆος ποθὴ ἵξεται υἷας Ἀχαιῶν
241σύμπαντας· τότε δʼ οὔ τι δυνήσεαι ἀχνύμενός περ
242χραισμεῖν, εὖτʼ ἂν πολλοὶ ὑφʼ Ἕκτορος ἀνδροφόνοιο
243θνήσκοντες πίπτωσι· σὺ δʼ ἔνδοθι θυμὸν ἀμύξεις
244χωόμενος ὅ τʼ ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐδὲν ἔτισας.
Paragraph 26#

With that, Peleus’ son flung the staff against the ground, gold studs and all, and dropped into his seat. Atreus’ son sat opposite, still seething. Nestor jumped to his feet between them, the Pylians’ clear-voiced speaker, whose speech could soothe, whose tongue poured something sweeter than honey. Two generations had already died around him: those born before him, those who grew up at his side in the Pylians’ sacred city. He was ruling now among the third. With their good at heart, he faced them and began to speak.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.245–Iliad.1.253)
245ὣς φάτο Πηλεΐδης, ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ
246χρυσείοις ἥλοισι πεπαρμένον, ἕζετο δʼ αὐτός·
247Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐμήνιε· τοῖσι δὲ Νέστωρ
248ἡδυεπὴς ἀνόρουσε λιγὺς Πυλίων ἀγορητής,
249τοῦ καὶ ἀπὸ γλώσσης μέλιτος γλυκίων ῥέεν αὐδή·
250τῷ δʼ ἤδη δύο μὲν γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων
251ἐφθίαθʼ, οἵ οἱ πρόσθεν ἅμα τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο
252ἐν Πύλῳ ἠγαθέῃ, μετὰ δὲ τριτάτοισιν ἄνασσεν·
253ὅ σφιν ἐὺ φρονέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπεν·
Paragraph 27#

“Oh, what grief has struck the Greek land. Priam would rejoice. So would his sons. The other Trojans would be thrilled to hear all this fighting between you two— you, the best the Greeks have in counsel and in combat. Listen to me. You are both younger than I am. I once kept company with men greater even than you, and they never brushed me aside. I have never seen their equals since. I never will. Pirithous. Dryas, who watched over his people. Caeneus, Exadius, the formidable Polyphemus, and Theseus, Aegeus’ son, a man who could stand beside the immortal gods. They were the strongest men the earth had raised. The strongest—and they fought the strongest: the Centaurs who lived in the mountains. They crushed them in a dreadful slaughter. I came from Pylos to join those men, from a distant land, so far away. They had sent for me themselves. I fought beside them, standing on my own. No mortal walking the earth today could face those men in combat. Yet they listened to my counsel. They acted on my words. You two should listen too. You will be better off. Agamemnon, great as you are, do not take the girl from him. Let him keep what the Greeks first gave him, his prize of honor. And you, son of Peleus, do not match your strength against a king, or claim equal honor with him: a king who bears the royal scepter, honored with glory by Zeus, holds a standing no ordinary man can match. You may be stronger. Your mother may be a goddess. Still, his standing is greater: he rules more men. Atreus’ son, rein in your fury. I am begging you myself: let your anger at Achilles go. For every Greek, he stands like a great wall against the misery of war.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.254–Iliad.1.284)
254ὦ πόποι ἦ μέγα πένθος Ἀχαιΐδα γαῖαν ἱκάνει·
255ἦ κεν γηθήσαι Πρίαμος Πριάμοιό τε παῖδες
256ἄλλοι τε Τρῶες μέγα κεν κεχαροίατο θυμῷ
257εἰ σφῶϊν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιϊν,
258οἳ περὶ μὲν βουλὴν Δαναῶν, περὶ δʼ ἐστὲ μάχεσθαι.
259ἀλλὰ πίθεσθʼ· ἄμφω δὲ νεωτέρω ἐστὸν ἐμεῖο·
260ἤδη γάρ ποτʼ ἐγὼ καὶ ἀρείοσιν ἠέ περ ὑμῖν
261ἀνδράσιν ὡμίλησα, καὶ οὔ ποτέ μʼ οἵ γʼ ἀθέριζον.
262οὐ γάρ πω τοίους ἴδον ἀνέρας οὐδὲ ἴδωμαι,
263οἷον Πειρίθοόν τε Δρύαντά τε ποιμένα λαῶν
264Καινέα τʼ Ἐξάδιόν τε καὶ ἀντίθεον Πολύφημον
265Θησέα τʼ Αἰγεΐδην, ἐπιείκελον ἀθανάτοισιν·
266κάρτιστοι δὴ κεῖνοι ἐπιχθονίων τράφεν ἀνδρῶν·
267κάρτιστοι μὲν ἔσαν καὶ καρτίστοις ἐμάχοντο
268φηρσὶν ὀρεσκῴοισι καὶ ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν.
269καὶ μὲν τοῖσιν ἐγὼ μεθομίλεον ἐκ Πύλου ἐλθὼν
270τηλόθεν ἐξ ἀπίης γαίης· καλέσαντο γὰρ αὐτοί·
271καὶ μαχόμην κατʼ ἔμʼ αὐτὸν ἐγώ· κείνοισι δʼ ἂν οὔ τις
272τῶν οἳ νῦν βροτοί εἰσιν ἐπιχθόνιοι μαχέοιτο·
273καὶ μέν μευ βουλέων ξύνιεν πείθοντό τε μύθῳ·
274ἀλλὰ πίθεσθε καὶ ὔμμες, ἐπεὶ πείθεσθαι ἄμεινον·
275μήτε σὺ τόνδʼ ἀγαθός περ ἐὼν ἀποαίρεο κούρην,
276ἀλλʼ ἔα ὥς οἱ πρῶτα δόσαν γέρας υἷες Ἀχαιῶν·
277μήτε σὺ Πηλείδη ἔθελʼ ἐριζέμεναι βασιλῆϊ
278ἀντιβίην, ἐπεὶ οὔ ποθʼ ὁμοίης ἔμμορε τιμῆς
279σκηπτοῦχος βασιλεύς, ᾧ τε Ζεὺς κῦδος ἔδωκεν.
280εἰ δὲ σὺ καρτερός ἐσσι θεὰ δέ σε γείνατο μήτηρ,
281ἀλλʼ ὅ γε φέρτερός ἐστιν ἐπεὶ πλεόνεσσιν ἀνάσσει.
282Ἀτρεΐδη σὺ δὲ παῦε τεὸν μένος· αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε
283λίσσομʼ Ἀχιλλῆϊ μεθέμεν χόλον, ὃς μέγα πᾶσιν
284ἕρκος Ἀχαιοῖσιν πέλεται πολέμοιο κακοῖο.
Paragraph 28#

Agamemnon, the king, answered him: “Yes, old man. Everything you say is right and fair. But this man wants to tower over everyone. He wants power over all of us, to rule us all, to give us all commands. Someone here, I think, will refuse to obey. The gods who live forever made him a fighter with a spear. Does that mean they gave him leave to spit insults?”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.285–Iliad.1.291)
285τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων·
286ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα γέρον κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες·
287ἀλλʼ ὅδʼ ἀνὴρ ἐθέλει περὶ πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων,
288πάντων μὲν κρατέειν ἐθέλει, πάντεσσι δʼ ἀνάσσειν,
289πᾶσι δὲ σημαίνειν, ἅ τινʼ οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω·
290εἰ δέ μιν αἰχμητὴν ἔθεσαν θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες
291τοὔνεκά οἱ προθέουσιν ὀνείδεα μυθήσασθαι;
Paragraph 29#

Achilles cut him off: “They could call me a coward, a nobody, if I gave way to you in everything, whatever you might say. Give those orders to someone else. Do not give them to me. I do not think you will find me obeying you again. And here is something else. Get it into your head: I will not fight you for the girl— you or anyone else. You gave her to me. Now you take her back. But the rest of what I own beside my fast black ship— you will not seize one thing and carry it away against my will. Go on. Try it. Let these men see for themselves. Your dark blood will gush at once around my spear.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.292–Iliad.1.303)
292τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑποβλήδην ἠμείβετο δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς·
293ἦ γάρ κεν δειλός τε καὶ οὐτιδανὸς καλεοίμην
294εἰ δὴ σοὶ πᾶν ἔργον ὑπείξομαι ὅττί κεν εἴπῃς·
295ἄλλοισιν δὴ ταῦτʼ ἐπιτέλλεο, μὴ γὰρ ἔμοιγε
296σήμαινʼ· οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγʼ ἔτι σοὶ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω.
297ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσι·
298χερσὶ μὲν οὔ τοι ἔγωγε μαχήσομαι εἵνεκα κούρης
299οὔτε σοὶ οὔτέ τῳ ἄλλῳ, ἐπεί μʼ ἀφέλεσθέ γε δόντες·
300τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ἅ μοί ἐστι θοῇ παρὰ νηῒ μελαίνῃ
301τῶν οὐκ ἄν τι φέροις ἀνελὼν ἀέκοντος ἐμεῖο·
302εἰ δʼ ἄγε μὴν πείρησαι ἵνα γνώωσι καὶ οἵδε·
303αἶψά τοι αἷμα κελαινὸν ἐρωήσει περὶ δουρί.
Paragraph 30#

After battering each other with words, the two men rose, and the gathering beside the Greek ships broke apart. Peleus’ son walked back to his shelters and shapely ships with Patroclus, Menoetius’ son, and the companions who served with him. Atreus’ son had a fast ship dragged into salt water. He picked twenty rowers, put a hundred animals aboard as an offering to the god, and led Chryseis, lovely-cheeked, to her seat. Odysseus, with a plan for every turn, stepped aboard to command. The crew embarked and cut across the sea’s wet tracks. Back in camp, Atreus’ son ordered the men to wash away their ritual stain. They cleansed themselves and tipped the polluted washings into the sea. Beside that salt expanse where no crops grow, they offered Apollo bulls and goats, full-grown animals sacrificed by the hundred. The savor of burning fat climbed toward heaven, wound in coils of smoke.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.304–Iliad.1.317)
304ὣς τώ γʼ ἀντιβίοισι μαχεσσαμένω ἐπέεσσιν
305ἀνστήτην, λῦσαν δʼ ἀγορὴν παρὰ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν·
306Πηλεΐδης μὲν ἐπὶ κλισίας καὶ νῆας ἐΐσας
307ἤϊε σύν τε Μενοιτιάδῃ καὶ οἷς ἑτάροισιν·
308Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἄρα νῆα θοὴν ἅλα δὲ προέρυσσεν,
309ἐν δʼ ἐρέτας ἔκρινεν ἐείκοσιν, ἐς δʼ ἑκατόμβην
310βῆσε θεῷ, ἀνὰ δὲ Χρυσηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον
311εἷσεν ἄγων· ἐν δʼ ἀρχὸς ἔβη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς.
312οἳ μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἀναβάντες ἐπέπλεον ὑγρὰ κέλευθα,
313λαοὺς δʼ Ἀτρεΐδης ἀπολυμαίνεσθαι ἄνωγεν·
314οἳ δʼ ἀπελυμαίνοντο καὶ εἰς ἅλα λύματα βάλλον,
315ἕρδον δʼ Ἀπόλλωνι τεληέσσας ἑκατόμβας
316ταύρων ἠδʼ αἰγῶν παρὰ θῖνʼ ἁλὸς ἀτρυγέτοιο·
317κνίση δʼ οὐρανὸν ἷκεν ἑλισσομένη περὶ καπνῷ.
Paragraph 31#

Across the camp, the men worked at their tasks. But Agamemnon kept the quarrel burning, pushing through the threat he first made to Achilles. He called Talthybius and Eurybates, his two heralds, always quick to serve: “Go to the shelter of Achilles, Peleus’s son. Take Briseis, with her lovely cheeks, by the hand. Bring her here. If he will not give her up, I’ll come myself with more men at my back and take her. That will be worse for him.” He sent them on their way, his hard command pressed home.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.318–Iliad.1.326)
318ὣς οἳ μὲν τὰ πένοντο κατὰ στρατόν· οὐδʼ Ἀγαμέμνων
319λῆγʼ ἔριδος τὴν πρῶτον ἐπηπείλησʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ,
320ἀλλʼ ὅ γε Ταλθύβιόν τε καὶ Εὐρυβάτην προσέειπε,
321τώ οἱ ἔσαν κήρυκε καὶ ὀτρηρὼ θεράποντε·
322ἔρχεσθον κλισίην Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος·
323χειρὸς ἑλόντʼ ἀγέμεν Βρισηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον·
324εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώῃσιν ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι
325ἐλθὼν σὺν πλεόνεσσι· τό οἱ καὶ ῥίγιον ἔσται.
326ὣς εἰπὼν προΐει, κρατερὸν δʼ ἐπὶ μῦθον ἔτελλε·
Paragraph 32#

The two went unwillingly along the shore of the salt water, until they reached the Myrmidons’ ships and shelters. They found Achilles sitting by his shelter and his black ship. He felt no joy at seeing them. Afraid, held back by respect for the king, they stopped. Neither spoke to him. Neither asked for anything. But Achilles understood and spoke: “Welcome, heralds, messengers of Zeus and men. Come closer. I don’t blame you. I blame Agamemnon, who sent you both for Briseis. “Patroclus, born of Zeus’s line, bring the girl out. Give her to these two to lead away. But let them both be witnesses before the immortal gods, before all mortal men, and before that merciless king, if ever they need me again to keep disgrace and slaughter from the others. “He rages in a destructive mind. He cannot look ahead and behind at once so that his Greeks can fight beside their ships and come through alive.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.327–Iliad.1.344)
327τὼ δʼ ἀέκοντε βάτην παρὰ θῖνʼ ἁλὸς ἀτρυγέτοιο,
328Μυρμιδόνων δʼ ἐπί τε κλισίας καὶ νῆας ἱκέσθην,
329τὸν δʼ εὗρον παρά τε κλισίῃ καὶ νηῒ μελαίνῃ
330ἥμενον· οὐδʼ ἄρα τώ γε ἰδὼν γήθησεν Ἀχιλλεύς.
331τὼ μὲν ταρβήσαντε καὶ αἰδομένω βασιλῆα
332στήτην, οὐδέ τί μιν προσεφώνεον οὐδʼ ἐρέοντο·
333αὐτὰρ ὃ ἔγνω ᾗσιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ φώνησέν τε·
334χαίρετε κήρυκες Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν,
335ἆσσον ἴτʼ· οὔ τί μοι ὔμμες ἐπαίτιοι ἀλλʼ Ἀγαμέμνων,
336ὃ σφῶϊ προΐει Βρισηΐδος εἵνεκα κούρης.
337ἀλλʼ ἄγε διογενὲς Πατρόκλεες ἔξαγε κούρην
338καί σφωϊν δὸς ἄγειν· τὼ δʼ αὐτὼ μάρτυροι ἔστων
339πρός τε θεῶν μακάρων πρός τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων
340καὶ πρὸς τοῦ βασιλῆος ἀπηνέος εἴ ποτε δʼ αὖτε
341χρειὼ ἐμεῖο γένηται ἀεικέα λοιγὸν ἀμῦναι
342τοῖς ἄλλοις· ἦ γὰρ ὅ γʼ ὀλοιῇσι φρεσὶ θύει,
343οὐδέ τι οἶδε νοῆσαι ἅμα πρόσσω καὶ ὀπίσσω,
344ὅππως οἱ παρὰ νηυσὶ σόοι μαχέοιντο Ἀχαιοί.
Paragraph 33#

Patroclus obeyed his dear companion. He brought Briseis, with her lovely cheeks, out of the shelter and gave her to the heralds to lead away. The two walked back beside the Greek ships. She went with them against her will. Achilles wept. At once he drew away from his companions and sat on the shore of the gray sea, looking across the water without end. He stretched his hands out, praying again and again to the mother he loved: “Mother, you brought me into this world with so little time to live. Zeus of Olympus, whose thunder rolls on high, should at least have put honor in my hands. He has given me none. “Agamemnon, son of Atreus, whose rule reaches so far, has stripped me of my honor. He tore my prize away for himself. He took her. He keeps her.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.345–Iliad.1.356)
345ὣς φάτο, Πάτροκλος δὲ φίλῳ ἐπεπείθεθʼ ἑταίρῳ,
346ἐκ δʼ ἄγαγε κλισίης Βρισηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον,
347δῶκε δʼ ἄγειν· τὼ δʼ αὖτις ἴτην παρὰ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν·
348ἣ δʼ ἀέκουσʼ ἅμα τοῖσι γυνὴ κίεν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς
349δακρύσας ἑτάρων ἄφαρ ἕζετο νόσφι λιασθείς,
350θῖνʼ ἔφʼ ἁλὸς πολιῆς, ὁρόων ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα πόντον·
351πολλὰ δὲ μητρὶ φίλῃ ἠρήσατο χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς·
352μῆτερ ἐπεί μʼ ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν περ ἐόντα,
353τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι
354Ζεὺς ὑψιβρεμέτης· νῦν δʼ οὐδέ με τυτθὸν ἔτισεν·
355ἦ γάρ μʼ Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων
356ἠτίμησεν· ἑλὼν γὰρ ἔχει γέρας αὐτὸς ἀπούρας.
Paragraph 34#

He spoke through falling tears. His mother, a goddess held in honor, heard him where she sat beside her aged father in the depths of the sea. She rose swiftly from the gray water like mist, and sat before her weeping son. She stroked him with her hand and spoke to him directly: “My child, why are you crying? What sorrow has reached your heart? Tell me. Don’t keep it shut inside. Let us both know.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.357–Iliad.1.363)
357ὣς φάτο δάκρυ χέων, τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε πότνια μήτηρ
358ἡμένη ἐν βένθεσσιν ἁλὸς παρὰ πατρὶ γέροντι·
359καρπαλίμως δʼ ἀνέδυ πολιῆς ἁλὸς ἠΰτʼ ὀμίχλη,
360καί ῥα πάροιθʼ αὐτοῖο καθέζετο δάκρυ χέοντος,
361χειρί τέ μιν κατέρεξεν ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·
362τέκνον τί κλαίεις; τί δέ σε φρένας ἵκετο πένθος;
363ἐξαύδα, μὴ κεῦθε νόῳ, ἵνα εἴδομεν ἄμφω.
Paragraph 35#

Achilles, fast on his feet, answered her with a groan dragged from deep in his chest: “You know it all already. Why make me put it all in words? We went to Thebe, Eetion’s sacred city, broke it open and carried everything back here. The Greeks made a fair division of the spoils. They set Chryseis apart for Atreus’ son, the girl with the beautiful cheeks. Then her father Chryses came to our fast ships, to the Greeks in their bronze armor. He serves Apollo, whose arrows travel far. He brought a ransom beyond counting to buy his daughter free, and held Apollo’s sacred ribbons on a golden staff— the sign of that far-reaching archer. He begged us all, especially Atreus’ two sons, the army’s commanders. Every other Greek called out to treat the priest with respect and take the rich gifts he was offering. Agamemnon, son of Atreus, wouldn’t agree. He spat abuse and drove him away with a harsh command. The old man walked away angry. Apollo heard him praying; that priest means a great deal to him. He shot a killing arrow into the Greeks. Men kept dying, one on top of another. The god’s arrows ranged through the whole wide camp. Our seer understood it. He explained what the far-shooting god was telling us. I was first to speak: we had to appease him, at once. Then Atreus’ son flared up, jumped to his feet and made his threat. He’s done it now. The Greeks with their bright eyes are sending Chryseis across to Chryse in a fast ship, carrying gifts for Apollo, their lord. And just now the heralds walked out of my shelter with Briseus’ daughter, the girl the Greeks had given me.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.364–Iliad.1.392)
364τὴν δὲ βαρὺ στενάχων προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
365οἶσθα· τί ἤ τοι ταῦτα ἰδυίῃ πάντʼ ἀγορεύω;
366ᾠχόμεθʼ ἐς Θήβην ἱερὴν πόλιν Ἠετίωνος,
367τὴν δὲ διεπράθομέν τε καὶ ἤγομεν ἐνθάδε πάντα·
368καὶ τὰ μὲν εὖ δάσσαντο μετὰ σφίσιν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν,
369ἐκ δʼ ἕλον Ἀτρεΐδῃ Χρυσηΐδα καλλιπάρῃον.
370Χρύσης δʼ αὖθʼ ἱερεὺς ἑκατηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος
371ἦλθε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων
372λυσόμενός τε θύγατρα φέρων τʼ ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα,
373στέμματʼ ἔχων ἐν χερσὶν ἑκηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος
374χρυσέῳ ἀνὰ σκήπτρῳ, καὶ λίσσετο πάντας Ἀχαιούς,
375Ἀτρεΐδα δὲ μάλιστα δύω κοσμήτορε λαῶν.
376ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἐπευφήμησαν Ἀχαιοὶ
377αἰδεῖσθαί θʼ ἱερῆα καὶ ἀγλαὰ δέχθαι ἄποινα·
378ἀλλʼ οὐκ Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι ἥνδανε θυμῷ,
379ἀλλὰ κακῶς ἀφίει, κρατερὸν δʼ ἐπὶ μῦθον ἔτελλε·
380χωόμενος δʼ ὁ γέρων πάλιν ᾤχετο· τοῖο δʼ Ἀπόλλων
381εὐξαμένου ἤκουσεν, ἐπεὶ μάλα οἱ φίλος ἦεν,
382ἧκε δʼ ἐπʼ Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἳ δέ νυ λαοὶ
383θνῇσκον ἐπασσύτεροι, τὰ δʼ ἐπῴχετο κῆλα θεοῖο
384πάντῃ ἀνὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν· ἄμμι δὲ μάντις
385εὖ εἰδὼς ἀγόρευε θεοπροπίας ἑκάτοιο.
386αὐτίκʼ ἐγὼ πρῶτος κελόμην θεὸν ἱλάσκεσθαι·
387Ἀτρεΐωνα δʼ ἔπειτα χόλος λάβεν, αἶψα δʼ ἀναστὰς
388ἠπείλησεν μῦθον ὃ δὴ τετελεσμένος ἐστί·
389τὴν μὲν γὰρ σὺν νηῒ θοῇ ἑλίκωπες Ἀχαιοὶ
390ἐς Χρύσην πέμπουσιν, ἄγουσι δὲ δῶρα ἄνακτι·
391τὴν δὲ νέον κλισίηθεν ἔβαν κήρυκες ἄγοντες
392κούρην Βρισῆος τήν μοι δόσαν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν.
Paragraph 36#

“But you—if you can, protect your own son. Go to Olympus. Plead with Zeus, if anything you ever said or did brought comfort to his heart. So often in my father’s halls I heard you tell it with pride: of all the immortals, you alone saved Cronus’s son, who gathers the dark clouds, from a degrading downfall. The other gods on Olympus wanted him bound— Hera, Poseidon, Pallas Athena. But you came, goddess, and saved him from those chains. You were quick to call the hundred-handed giant to the heights of Olympus. The gods call him Briareus; every human calls him Aegaeon. He is stronger even than his father. He sat beside the son of Cronus, reveling in his glory. The gods who live in bliss recoiled in fear. They left Zeus unbound. Remind him now. Sit beside him. Take his knees in your hands. Perhaps he’ll agree to help the Trojans and trap the Greeks against their ships’ sterns, along the sea, while they are slaughtered. Let them all get the benefit of their king. Let Agamemnon, Atreus’s son, whose rule reaches so far, see the blindness that possessed him when he gave the best Greek fighter no honor at all.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.393–Iliad.1.412)
393ἀλλὰ σὺ εἰ δύνασαί γε περίσχεο παιδὸς ἑῆος·
394ἐλθοῦσʼ Οὔλυμπον δὲ Δία λίσαι, εἴ ποτε δή τι
395ἢ ἔπει ὤνησας κραδίην Διὸς ἠὲ καὶ ἔργῳ.
396πολλάκι γάρ σεο πατρὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄκουσα
397εὐχομένης ὅτʼ ἔφησθα κελαινεφέϊ Κρονίωνι
398οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν ἀεικέα λοιγὸν ἀμῦναι,
399ὁππότε μιν ξυνδῆσαι Ὀλύμπιοι ἤθελον ἄλλοι
400Ἥρη τʼ ἠδὲ Ποσειδάων καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη·
401ἀλλὰ σὺ τόν γʼ ἐλθοῦσα θεὰ ὑπελύσαο δεσμῶν,
402ὦχʼ ἑκατόγχειρον καλέσασʼ ἐς μακρὸν Ὄλυμπον,
403ὃν Βριάρεων καλέουσι θεοί, ἄνδρες δέ τε πάντες
404Αἰγαίωνʼ, ὃ γὰρ αὖτε βίην οὗ πατρὸς ἀμείνων·
405ὅς ῥα παρὰ Κρονίωνι καθέζετο κύδεϊ γαίων·
406τὸν καὶ ὑπέδεισαν μάκαρες θεοὶ οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἔδησαν.
407τῶν νῦν μιν μνήσασα παρέζεο καὶ λαβὲ γούνων
408αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι,
409τοὺς δὲ κατὰ πρύμνας τε καὶ ἀμφʼ ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιοὺς
410κτεινομένους, ἵνα πάντες ἐπαύρωνται βασιλῆος,
411γνῷ δὲ καὶ Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων
412ἣν ἄτην ὅ τʼ ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐδὲν ἔτισεν.
Paragraph 37#

Thetis answered through her tears: “My child, why did I bear you into sorrow and raise you for this? If only you could sit beside your ships without tears, without hurt. Your share of life is already so brief. You have so little time. Now you must die young and suffer more than anyone. I gave birth to you in those halls with this cruel fate ahead. Still, I’ll go myself to snow-covered Olympus and carry your plea to Zeus, who takes delight in thunder. Perhaps he’ll listen. For now, stay beside your swift ships. Hold on to your anger at the Greeks. Keep clear of the fighting altogether. Yesterday Zeus went to Oceanus to feast among the noble Ethiopians. Every god went with him. He’ll return to Olympus on the twelfth day. Then I’ll go for you to his house with its bronze floor, clasp his knees and beg. I think I can persuade him.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.413–Iliad.1.427)
413τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Θέτις κατὰ δάκρυ χέουσα·
414ὤ μοι τέκνον ἐμόν, τί νύ σʼ ἔτρεφον αἰνὰ τεκοῦσα;
415αἴθʼ ὄφελες παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀδάκρυτος καὶ ἀπήμων
416ἧσθαι, ἐπεί νύ τοι αἶσα μίνυνθά περ οὔ τι μάλα δήν·
417νῦν δʼ ἅμα τʼ ὠκύμορος καὶ ὀϊζυρὸς περὶ πάντων
418ἔπλεο· τώ σε κακῇ αἴσῃ τέκον ἐν μεγάροισι.
419τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέουσα ἔπος Διὶ τερπικεραύνῳ
420εἶμʼ αὐτὴ πρὸς Ὄλυμπον ἀγάννιφον αἴ κε πίθηται.
421ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν νηυσὶ παρήμενος ὠκυπόροισι
422μήνιʼ Ἀχαιοῖσιν, πολέμου δʼ ἀποπαύεο πάμπαν·
423Ζεὺς γὰρ ἐς Ὠκεανὸν μετʼ ἀμύμονας Αἰθιοπῆας
424χθιζὸς ἔβη κατὰ δαῖτα, θεοὶ δʼ ἅμα πάντες ἕποντο·
425δωδεκάτῃ δέ τοι αὖτις ἐλεύσεται Οὔλυμπον δέ,
426καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτά τοι εἶμι Διὸς ποτὶ χαλκοβατὲς δῶ,
427καί μιν γουνάσομαι καί μιν πείσεσθαι ὀΐω.
Paragraph 38#

With that, she left him there, anger burning in his heart for the woman with the finely woven belt. They had taken her by force. He had not agreed. Meanwhile Odysseus reached Chryse with the animals for the sacred sacrifice. Once inside the deep harbor, they furled the sails and stowed them in the black hull, slackened the forestays, swiftly lowered the mast into its cradle, and rowed to the mooring. They dropped the anchor stones, secured the stern ropes, and stepped out into the breaking surf. They brought the sacrificial animals ashore for Apollo, whose arrows reach so far. Chryseis stepped out of the seagoing ship. Odysseus, always ready with a plan, led her to the altar and placed her in her dear father’s hands. “Chryses,” he said, “Agamemnon, who commands the men, sent me to bring your daughter back to you and offer Phoebus a great, sacred sacrifice on behalf of the Greeks. We hope to soothe the lord who has brought our army so much grief, so much groaning.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.428–Iliad.1.445)
428ὣς ἄρα φωνήσασʼ ἀπεβήσετο, τὸν δὲ λίπʼ αὐτοῦ
429χωόμενον κατὰ θυμὸν ἐϋζώνοιο γυναικὸς
430τήν ῥα βίῃ ἀέκοντος ἀπηύρων· αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς
431ἐς Χρύσην ἵκανεν ἄγων ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην.
432οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ λιμένος πολυβενθέος ἐντὸς ἵκοντο
433ἱστία μὲν στείλαντο, θέσαν δʼ ἐν νηῒ μελαίνῃ,
434ἱστὸν δʼ ἱστοδόκῃ πέλασαν προτόνοισιν ὑφέντες
435καρπαλίμως, τὴν δʼ εἰς ὅρμον προέρεσσαν ἐρετμοῖς.
436ἐκ δʼ εὐνὰς ἔβαλον, κατὰ δὲ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔδησαν·
437ἐκ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ βαῖνον ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης,
438ἐκ δʼ ἑκατόμβην βῆσαν ἑκηβόλῳ Ἀπόλλωνι·
439ἐκ δὲ Χρυσηῒς νηὸς βῆ ποντοπόροιο.
440τὴν μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἄγων πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεὺς
441πατρὶ φίλῳ ἐν χερσὶ τίθει καί μιν προσέειπεν·
442ὦ Χρύση, πρό μʼ ἔπεμψεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων
443παῖδά τε σοὶ ἀγέμεν, Φοίβῳ θʼ ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην
444ῥέξαι ὑπὲρ Δαναῶν ὄφρʼ ἱλασόμεσθα ἄνακτα,
445ὃς νῦν Ἀργείοισι πολύστονα κήδεʼ ἐφῆκεν.
Paragraph 39#

As he spoke, he placed her in her father’s hands. The priest received his dear child with joy. The men quickly lined up the sacred animals around the solidly built altar. They washed their hands and took up the barley for the offering. Chryses raised his hands and prayed aloud for them: “Hear me, god of the silver bow. You guard Chryse and holy Cilla; your power rules Tenedos. Once before, you heard my prayer. You honored me and struck the Greek army hard. Grant this wish for me as well: spare the Greeks now. Keep this degrading destruction from them.” That was his prayer. Phoebus Apollo heard.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.446–Iliad.1.457)
446ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χερσὶ τίθει, ὃ δὲ δέξατο χαίρων
447παῖδα φίλην· τοὶ δʼ ὦκα θεῷ ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην
448ἑξείης ἔστησαν ἐΰδμητον περὶ βωμόν,
449χερνίψαντο δʼ ἔπειτα καὶ οὐλοχύτας ἀνέλοντο.
450τοῖσιν δὲ Χρύσης μεγάλʼ εὔχετο χεῖρας ἀνασχών·
451κλῦθί μευ ἀργυρότοξʼ, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέβηκας
452Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην Τενέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις·
453ἦ μὲν δή ποτʼ ἐμεῦ πάρος ἔκλυες εὐξαμένοιο,
454τίμησας μὲν ἐμέ, μέγα δʼ ἴψαο λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν·
455ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν μοι τόδʼ ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ·
456ἤδη νῦν Δαναοῖσιν ἀεικέα λοιγὸν ἄμυνον.
457ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος, τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων.
Paragraph 40#

When the prayers were said and the barley scattered, they pulled the animals’ heads back, slit their throats and stripped their hides. They cut out the thighbones, wrapped them in a double fold of fat and laid raw meat on top. The old man burned the portions on split wood, pouring dark, gleaming wine over them. Young men stood beside him, five-pronged forks in their hands. When the thighbones had burned away and they had tasted the organs, they chopped the remaining meat, threaded it onto spits, roasted it with care and slid every piece from the spits. The work was done. The feast was ready. They ate, and each man had an equal share. When they had eaten and drunk their fill, the young men brimmed the mixing bowls with wine. They poured the opening drops for libation into every cup, then passed the wine to all. All day the young Greek men sang to soothe Apollo, a beautiful song of healing and praise for the far-striking god. He listened, and his heart filled with pleasure.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.458–Iliad.1.474)
458αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ εὔξαντο καὶ οὐλοχύτας προβάλοντο,
459αὐέρυσαν μὲν πρῶτα καὶ ἔσφαξαν καὶ ἔδειραν,
460μηρούς τʼ ἐξέταμον κατά τε κνίσῃ ἐκάλυψαν
461δίπτυχα ποιήσαντες, ἐπʼ αὐτῶν δʼ ὠμοθέτησαν·
462καῖε δʼ ἐπὶ σχίζῃς ὁ γέρων, ἐπὶ δʼ αἴθοπα οἶνον
463λεῖβε· νέοι δὲ παρʼ αὐτὸν ἔχον πεμπώβολα χερσίν.
464αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατὰ μῆρε κάη καὶ σπλάγχνα πάσαντο,
465μίστυλλόν τʼ ἄρα τἆλλα καὶ ἀμφʼ ὀβελοῖσιν ἔπειραν,
466ὤπτησάν τε περιφραδέως, ἐρύσαντό τε πάντα.
467αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ παύσαντο πόνου τετύκοντό τε δαῖτα
468δαίνυντʼ, οὐδέ τι θυμὸς ἐδεύετο δαιτὸς ἐΐσης.
469αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,
470κοῦροι μὲν κρητῆρας ἐπεστέψαντο ποτοῖο,
471νώμησαν δʼ ἄρα πᾶσιν ἐπαρξάμενοι δεπάεσσιν·
472οἳ δὲ πανημέριοι μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο
473καλὸν ἀείδοντες παιήονα κοῦροι Ἀχαιῶν
474μέλποντες ἑκάεργον· ὃ δὲ φρένα τέρπετʼ ἀκούων.
Paragraph 41#

When the sun sank and darkness settled, they lay down beside the ship’s stern ropes and slept. When Dawn appeared, born early, her fingers pink with light, they put to sea for the Greeks’ wide camp. Apollo, whose shots reach far, sent a wind to carry them. They raised the mast, spread the white sails. Wind bellied the canvas. Dark water boomed around the bow as the ship drove on, racing over the swell, covering the distance. When they reached the Greeks’ wide camp, they dragged the black ship onto land, high up the sand, and laid long supports beneath her hull. Then the men went their separate ways among the shelters and the ships.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.475–Iliad.1.487)
475ἦμος δʼ ἠέλιος κατέδυ καὶ ἐπὶ κνέφας ἦλθε,
476δὴ τότε κοιμήσαντο παρὰ πρυμνήσια νηός·
477ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς,
478καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀνάγοντο μετὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν·
479τοῖσιν δʼ ἴκμενον οὖρον ἵει ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων·
480οἳ δʼ ἱστὸν στήσαντʼ ἀνά θʼ ἱστία λευκὰ πέτασσαν,
481ἐν δʼ ἄνεμος πρῆσεν μέσον ἱστίον, ἀμφὶ δὲ κῦμα
482στείρῃ πορφύρεον μεγάλʼ ἴαχε νηὸς ἰούσης·
483ἣ δʼ ἔθεεν κατὰ κῦμα διαπρήσσουσα κέλευθον.
484αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκοντο κατὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν,
485νῆα μὲν οἵ γε μέλαιναν ἐπʼ ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν
486ὑψοῦ ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις, ὑπὸ δʼ ἕρματα μακρὰ τάνυσσαν·
487αὐτοὶ δʼ ἐσκίδναντο κατὰ κλισίας τε νέας τε.
Paragraph 42#

But Achilles stayed beside his racing ships, nursing his anger— Peleus’ son, descended from Zeus, a man so quick on his feet. He never went to the assembly that brings men glory. He never went to war. He stayed there, wearing his own heart away, longing for the battle cry, longing for the fight.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.488–Iliad.1.492)
488αὐτὰρ ὃ μήνιε νηυσὶ παρήμενος ὠκυπόροισι
489διογενὴς Πηλῆος υἱὸς πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
490οὔτέ ποτʼ εἰς ἀγορὴν πωλέσκετο κυδιάνειραν
491οὔτέ ποτʼ ἐς πόλεμον, ἀλλὰ φθινύθεσκε φίλον κῆρ
492αὖθι μένων, ποθέεσκε δʼ ἀϋτήν τε πτόλεμόν τε.
Paragraph 43#

When the twelfth dawn since that day arrived, the gods who live forever returned together to Olympus, with Zeus leading the way. Thetis had not forgotten her son’s request. She rose through a wave of the sea and climbed in the morning mist to the vast sky and Olympus. She found Zeus, the son of Cronus, whose voice carries far, sitting apart from all the others on the highest peak of Olympus, above its many ridges. She sat before him, clasped his knees with her left hand, and reached beneath his chin with her right. She pleaded with Zeus, the son of Cronus, the ruler of them all: “Father Zeus, if I ever helped you among the deathless gods, by something I said or did, make this wish come true. “Give my son honor. His life is doomed to be the shortest of them all. And now Agamemnon, who rules the men, has stripped him of respect: he took his prize by force and keeps her for himself. “You, at least, give him honor, Zeus of Olympus, master of plans. Give the Trojans the upper hand until the Greeks honor my son and raise him higher in their regard.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.493–Iliad.1.510)
493ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἐκ τοῖο δυωδεκάτη γένετʼ ἠώς,
494καὶ τότε δὴ πρὸς Ὄλυμπον ἴσαν θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες
495πάντες ἅμα, Ζεὺς δʼ ἦρχε· Θέτις δʼ οὐ λήθετʼ ἐφετμέων
496παιδὸς ἑοῦ, ἀλλʼ ἥ γʼ ἀνεδύσετο κῦμα θαλάσσης.
497ἠερίη δʼ ἀνέβη μέγαν οὐρανὸν Οὔλυμπόν τε.
498εὗρεν δʼ εὐρύοπα Κρονίδην ἄτερ ἥμενον ἄλλων
499ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ πολυδειράδος Οὐλύμποιο·
500καί ῥα πάροιθʼ αὐτοῖο καθέζετο, καὶ λάβε γούνων
501σκαιῇ, δεξιτερῇ δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπʼ ἀνθερεῶνος ἑλοῦσα
502λισσομένη προσέειπε Δία Κρονίωνα ἄνακτα·
503Ζεῦ πάτερ εἴ ποτε δή σε μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ὄνησα
504ἢ ἔπει ἢ ἔργῳ, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ·
505τίμησόν μοι υἱὸν ὃς ὠκυμορώτατος ἄλλων
506ἔπλετʼ· ἀτάρ μιν νῦν γε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων
507ἠτίμησεν· ἑλὼν γὰρ ἔχει γέρας αὐτὸς ἀπούρας.
508ἀλλὰ σύ πέρ μιν τῖσον Ὀλύμπιε μητίετα Ζεῦ·
509τόφρα δʼ ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι τίθει κράτος ὄφρʼ ἂν Ἀχαιοὶ
510υἱὸν ἐμὸν τίσωσιν ὀφέλλωσίν τέ ἑ τιμῇ.
Paragraph 44#

She finished. Zeus, who gathers clouds, gave no answer. He sat in silence a long time. Thetis kept her grip around his knees, clinging where she first took hold. She asked again: “Give me a promise that will hold. Nod your head to seal it. Or refuse me—you have nothing to fear— so I can know exactly how far I fall below all other goddesses in the honor I receive.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.511–Iliad.1.516)
511ὣς φάτο· τὴν δʼ οὔ τι προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς,
512ἀλλʼ ἀκέων δὴν ἧστο· Θέτις δʼ ὡς ἥψατο γούνων
513ὣς ἔχετʼ ἐμπεφυυῖα, καὶ εἴρετο δεύτερον αὖτις·
514νημερτὲς μὲν δή μοι ὑπόσχεο καὶ κατάνευσον
515ἢ ἀπόειπʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τοι ἔπι δέος, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδέω
516ὅσσον ἐγὼ μετὰ πᾶσιν ἀτιμοτάτη θεός εἰμι.
Paragraph 45#

Deeply troubled, Zeus, who gathers clouds, answered her: “This means trouble. You’ll drive me into a bitter fight with Hera when she needles me with insults. Even now, before the deathless gods, she is always picking fights with me, saying I help the Trojans in battle. “Go back now, before Hera notices anything. I’ll see to this and carry it through. “Here—I’ll nod my head, so you can trust me. Among the deathless gods, that is the strongest pledge I give. Whatever I seal with a nod cannot be taken back, cannot be false, cannot go unfulfilled.” Cronus’ son spoke and bowed his dark brows. The ruler’s deathless hair swept forward from his immortal head. He made great Olympus shake.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.517–Iliad.1.530)
517τὴν δὲ μέγʼ ὀχθήσας προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς·
518ἦ δὴ λοίγια ἔργʼ ὅ τέ μʼ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι ἐφήσεις
519Ἥρῃ ὅτʼ ἄν μʼ ἐρέθῃσιν ὀνειδείοις ἐπέεσσιν·
520ἣ δὲ καὶ αὔτως μʼ αἰεὶ ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι
521νεικεῖ, καί τέ μέ φησι μάχῃ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγειν.
522ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν αὖτις ἀπόστιχε μή τι νοήσῃ
523Ἥρη· ἐμοὶ δέ κε ταῦτα μελήσεται ὄφρα τελέσσω·
524εἰ δʼ ἄγε τοι κεφαλῇ κατανεύσομαι ὄφρα πεποίθῃς·
525τοῦτο γὰρ ἐξ ἐμέθεν γε μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι μέγιστον
526τέκμωρ· οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν παλινάγρετον οὐδʼ ἀπατηλὸν
527οὐδʼ ἀτελεύτητον ὅ τί κεν κεφαλῇ κατανεύσω.
528ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων·
529ἀμβρόσιαι δʼ ἄρα χαῖται ἐπερρώσαντο ἄνακτος
530κρατὸς ἀπʼ ἀθανάτοιο· μέγαν δʼ ἐλέλιξεν Ὄλυμπον.
Paragraph 46#

Their plans agreed, the two went separate ways. Thetis leapt from shining Olympus into the deep sea. Zeus went home. All the gods rose from their seats together as their father approached. Not one dared stay seated. Every one stood to meet him. Then Zeus settled on his throne. But Hera had seen. She knew that Thetis, with her silver feet, the Old Man of the Sea’s daughter, had been making plans with him. At once her words bit into Zeus, the son of Cronus: “Which god has been plotting with you this time, you schemer? You always love to keep away from me, turning secret plans into decisions. You have never willingly told me one word of what you mean to do.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.531–Iliad.1.543)
531τώ γʼ ὣς βουλεύσαντε διέτμαγεν· ἣ μὲν ἔπειτα
532εἰς ἅλα ἆλτο βαθεῖαν ἀπʼ αἰγλήεντος Ὀλύμπου,
533Ζεὺς δὲ ἑὸν πρὸς δῶμα· θεοὶ δʼ ἅμα πάντες ἀνέσταν
534ἐξ ἑδέων σφοῦ πατρὸς ἐναντίον· οὐδέ τις ἔτλη
535μεῖναι ἐπερχόμενον, ἀλλʼ ἀντίοι ἔσταν ἅπαντες.
536ὣς ὃ μὲν ἔνθα καθέζετʼ ἐπὶ θρόνου· οὐδέ μιν Ἥρη
537ἠγνοίησεν ἰδοῦσʼ ὅτι οἱ συμφράσσατο βουλὰς
538ἀργυρόπεζα Θέτις θυγάτηρ ἁλίοιο γέροντος.
539αὐτίκα κερτομίοισι Δία Κρονίωνα προσηύδα·
540τίς δʼ αὖ τοι δολομῆτα θεῶν συμφράσσατο βουλάς;
541αἰεί τοι φίλον ἐστὶν ἐμεῦ ἀπὸ νόσφιν ἐόντα
542κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ τί πώ μοι
543πρόφρων τέτληκας εἰπεῖν ἔπος ὅττι νοήσῃς.
Paragraph 47#

The father of gods and mortals answered: “Hera, don’t expect to know all my plans. They would be hard for you to grasp, even though you are my wife. “Whatever it is right for you to hear, no god, no mortal, will know before you do. “But what I choose to work out apart from the other gods— stop picking through each detail. Stop prying.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.544–Iliad.1.550)
544τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε·
545Ἥρη μὴ δὴ πάντας ἐμοὺς ἐπιέλπεο μύθους
546εἰδήσειν· χαλεποί τοι ἔσοντʼ ἀλόχῳ περ ἐούσῃ·
547ἀλλʼ ὃν μέν κʼ ἐπιεικὲς ἀκουέμεν οὔ τις ἔπειτα
548οὔτε θεῶν πρότερος τὸν εἴσεται οὔτʼ ἀνθρώπων·
549ὃν δέ κʼ ἐγὼν ἀπάνευθε θεῶν ἐθέλωμι νοῆσαι
550μή τι σὺ ταῦτα ἕκαστα διείρεο μηδὲ μετάλλα.
Paragraph 48#

Hera, the queen with wide brown eyes, answered: “Son of Cronus, most fearsome of all, how can you say that? I have kept my questions to myself. I haven’t pried. You make whatever plans you please in perfect peace. “But now fear grips me. I’m afraid that Thetis, with her silver feet, the Old Man of the Sea’s daughter, has talked you over to her side. “She sat beside you in the morning mist and clasped your knees. I think you nodded her a binding promise: you would give Achilles honor and kill so many by the Greek ships.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.551–Iliad.1.559)
551τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη·
552αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες;
553καὶ λίην σε πάρος γʼ οὔτʼ εἴρομαι οὔτε μεταλλῶ,
554ἀλλὰ μάλʼ εὔκηλος τὰ φράζεαι ἅσσʼ ἐθέλῃσθα.
555νῦν δʼ αἰνῶς δείδοικα κατὰ φρένα μή σε παρείπῃ
556ἀργυρόπεζα Θέτις θυγάτηρ ἁλίοιο γέροντος·
557ἠερίη γὰρ σοί γε παρέζετο καὶ λάβε γούνων·
558τῇ σʼ ὀΐω κατανεῦσαι ἐτήτυμον ὡς Ἀχιλῆα
559τιμήσῃς, ὀλέσῃς δὲ πολέας ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν.
Paragraph 49#

Zeus, who gathers clouds, answered: “What is wrong with you? Always suspecting. Nothing I do escapes you. Still, you can change nothing. You will only push yourself further from my heart, and that will be worse for you. “If things are as you say, then that is how I want them. Sit down. Be quiet. Do as I say. “All the gods on Olympus will be no help to you when I come close and lay these hands on you. Nothing will stop them.” At his words, Hera, the wide-eyed queen, was frightened. She sat in silence, forcing her heart to yield. Through the house of Zeus, the gods of heaven stirred in distress.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.560–Iliad.1.570)
560τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς·
561δαιμονίη αἰεὶ μὲν ὀΐεαι οὐδέ σε λήθω·
562πρῆξαι δʼ ἔμπης οὔ τι δυνήσεαι, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ θυμοῦ
563μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι· τὸ δέ τοι καὶ ῥίγιον ἔσται.
564εἰ δʼ οὕτω τοῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι·
565ἀλλʼ ἀκέουσα κάθησο, ἐμῷ δʼ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ,
566μή νύ τοι οὐ χραίσμωσιν ὅσοι θεοί εἰσʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ
567ἆσσον ἰόνθʼ, ὅτε κέν τοι ἀάπτους χεῖρας ἐφείω.
568ὣς ἔφατʼ ἔδεισεν δὲ βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη,
569καί ῥʼ ἀκέουσα καθῆστο ἐπιγνάμψασα φίλον κῆρ·
570ὄχθησαν δʼ ἀνὰ δῶμα Διὸς θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες·
Paragraph 50#

Hephaestus, famed for the work of his hands, began to speak among them, trying to please his dear mother, Hera with her pale arms. “This will end in disaster. We cannot bear much more, if you two fight like this over mortals and whip the gods into an uproar. What pleasure will our fine feast bring when bitterness wins? “Mother, you understand all this yourself, but I urge you: please our dear father Zeus. Then he won’t lash out at you again and wreck the feast for all of us. “If the lord of Olympus, who hurls lightning, wants to knock us from our seats, he can. His strength is far beyond us all. “Speak gently to him. The Olympian will soften toward us at once.”

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.571–Iliad.1.583)
571τοῖσιν δʼ Ἥφαιστος κλυτοτέχνης ἦρχʼ ἀγορεύειν
572μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπίηρα φέρων λευκωλένῳ Ἥρῃ·
573ἦ δὴ λοίγια ἔργα τάδʼ ἔσσεται οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἀνεκτά,
574εἰ δὴ σφὼ ἕνεκα θνητῶν ἐριδαίνετον ὧδε,
575ἐν δὲ θεοῖσι κολῳὸν ἐλαύνετον· οὐδέ τι δαιτὸς
576ἐσθλῆς ἔσσεται ἦδος, ἐπεὶ τὰ χερείονα νικᾷ.
577μητρὶ δʼ ἐγὼ παράφημι καὶ αὐτῇ περ νοεούσῃ
578πατρὶ φίλῳ ἐπίηρα φέρειν Διί, ὄφρα μὴ αὖτε
579νεικείῃσι πατήρ, σὺν δʼ ἡμῖν δαῖτα ταράξῃ.
580εἴ περ γάρ κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν Ὀλύμπιος ἀστεροπητὴς
581ἐξ ἑδέων στυφελίξαι· ὃ γὰρ πολὺ φέρτατός ἐστιν.
582ἀλλὰ σὺ τὸν ἐπέεσσι καθάπτεσθαι μαλακοῖσιν·
583αὐτίκʼ ἔπειθʼ ἵλαος Ὀλύμπιος ἔσσεται ἡμῖν.
Paragraph 51#

With that, he sprang up and placed a cup with two handles in his dear mother’s hand. “Hold on, Mother. Bear it, however much it hurts. I love you. Don’t make me watch as he beats you before my eyes. However much I grieve, I won’t have the strength to help. The lord of Olympus is hard to stand against. “Once before, I rushed to defend you. He caught me by the foot and flung me from heaven’s threshold. I fell all day. At sunset I slammed into Lemnos, barely alive. The Sintian men came straight to me and took me into their care.” At his words, Hera smiled, the goddess with the white arms. Still smiling, she took the cup her son held out. He worked his way to the right, serving all the other gods, scooping sweet nectar from the mixing bowl. The blessed gods broke into laughter that would not stop, watching Hephaestus bustle through the hall.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.584–Iliad.1.600)
584ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη καὶ ἀναΐξας δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον
585μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει καί μιν προσέειπε·
586τέτλαθι μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο κηδομένη περ,
587μή σε φίλην περ ἐοῦσαν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδωμαι
588θεινομένην, τότε δʼ οὔ τι δυνήσομαι ἀχνύμενός περ
589χραισμεῖν· ἀργαλέος γὰρ Ὀλύμπιος ἀντιφέρεσθαι·
590ἤδη γάρ με καὶ ἄλλοτʼ ἀλεξέμεναι μεμαῶτα
591ῥῖψε ποδὸς τεταγὼν ἀπὸ βηλοῦ θεσπεσίοιο,
592πᾶν δʼ ἦμαρ φερόμην, ἅμα δʼ ἠελίῳ καταδύντι
593κάππεσον ἐν Λήμνῳ, ὀλίγος δʼ ἔτι θυμὸς ἐνῆεν·
594ἔνθά με Σίντιες ἄνδρες ἄφαρ κομίσαντο πεσόντα.
595ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη,
596μειδήσασα δὲ παιδὸς ἐδέξατο χειρὶ κύπελλον·
597αὐτὰρ ὃ τοῖς ἄλλοισι θεοῖς ἐνδέξια πᾶσιν
598οἰνοχόει γλυκὺ νέκταρ ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ἀφύσσων·
599ἄσβεστος δʼ ἄρʼ ἐνῶρτο γέλως μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν
600ὡς ἴδον Ἥφαιστον διὰ δώματα ποιπνύοντα.
Paragraph 52#

All day they feasted, until sunset, and no one went without an equal share. There was music too: the beautiful lyre Apollo held, and the Muses taking turns, their lovely voices answering each other. When the sun’s bright light sank away, each god went home to sleep. The famed craftsman Hephaestus, whose feet were twisted, had built a house for every one of them with all his cunning craft. Zeus, who sends the lightning from Olympus, went to his own bed, where he always rested when sweet sleep came to him. He climbed into it and slept. Beside him lay Hera, whose throne was gold.

Read Ancient Greek Source (Iliad.1.601–Iliad.1.611)
601ὣς τότε μὲν πρόπαν ἦμαρ ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα
602δαίνυντʼ, οὐδέ τι θυμὸς ἐδεύετο δαιτὸς ἐΐσης,
603οὐ μὲν φόρμιγγος περικαλλέος ἣν ἔχʼ Ἀπόλλων,
604Μουσάων θʼ αἳ ἄειδον ἀμειβόμεναι ὀπὶ καλῇ.
605αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατέδυ λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο,
606οἳ μὲν κακκείοντες ἔβαν οἶκον δὲ ἕκαστος,
607ἧχι ἑκάστῳ δῶμα περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις
608Ἥφαιστος ποίησεν ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι·
609Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊʼ Ὀλύμπιος ἀστεροπητής,
610ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθʼ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι·
611ἔνθα καθεῦδʼ ἀναβάς, παρὰ δὲ χρυσόθρονος Ἥρη.